Heuristics and biases

IKEA Effect

We value more what we helped build with our own hands.

A piece of furniture you assembled yourself tends to feel more valuable than an identical one that's already assembled, even if the final result is less neat. The effort we put into creating something increases how much we value it afterward, beyond its objective quality.

The case

The name comes straight from IKEA, the furniture store that sells items unassembled. In controlled experiments, people who assembled a piece of furniture or an origami figure themselves valued it considerably more (and were willing to pay more for it) than people who evaluated the same finished object without having helped build it.

Why it works

The effort invested in creating something becomes part of the perceived value of the result. When we assign value to something, we factor in our own labor, not just the object itself.

Source: Norton, M. I., Mochon, D. & Ariely, D. (2012). The IKEA Effect: When Labor Leads to Love. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(3), 453-460.

In practice

Letting the user personalize, assemble, or configure part of a product or service (a plan, a dashboard, a recipe) doesn't just improve the fit to the user. It also increases how much they value the final result, compared to receiving the same solution already done.

Related concepts

La ciencia de la persuasión
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